Teaching writing can feel overwhelming because students are often expected to create strong pieces of writing before they fully understand what strong writing looks like. That is where mentor texts come in. A mentor text is a piece of writing used as a model for students. It gives them something concrete to study, discuss, and …
Graphic organizers are one of the simplest and most effective tools teachers can use to support reading comprehension. Whether students are reading a short story, article, poem, novel excerpt, or nonfiction passage, graphic organizers help them slow down, organize their thinking, and make sense of what they read. For middle school students especially, reading can …
Middle school students are funny, creative, emotional, unpredictable, and full of opinions. That is exactly what makes teaching middle school ELA both rewarding and challenging. One minute, students are deeply discussing a character’s motivation, and the next minute, someone is arguing over a pencil, making sound effects, or asking to go to the bathroom for …
Informational writing has a reputation for being dry. Students hear the words research report or expository essay and immediately imagine long paragraphs, boring facts, and a writing assignment that feels more like punishment than communication. But informational writing does not have to be boring. In fact, informational writing can be one of the most engaging …
Finding books for reluctant middle school readers can feel tricky. Some students say they hate reading. Some shut down as soon as they see a long chapter. Others can read but have not found a book that feels worth their time. The good news is that many reluctant readers do not actually dislike stories. They …
Vocabulary instruction is one of those things we know students need, but it can quickly turn into a routine of copying definitions, filling in blanks, and completing worksheet after worksheet. While worksheets can have a place, they should not be the only way students interact with new words. Students learn vocabulary best when they hear …
Making inferences is one of those reading skills that sounds simple until students actually have to do it. We tell them, “Read between the lines,” but many students do not really know what that means. Some guess randomly. Some copy a sentence from the text and call it an inference. Others wait for the author …
Differentiating reading instruction sounds wonderful in theory, but in real life, it can feel overwhelming. You have students reading above grade level, students who struggle to decode, students who can read the words but miss the meaning, students who need language support, and students who would rather do almost anything besides read. And somehow, they …
Introduction One of the biggest challenges in middle school ELA is getting students to use text evidence well. Many students can find a quote from the text, but they struggle to choose the best evidence, introduce it smoothly, or explain how it supports their answer. As teachers, we often see responses like this: The character …
Teaching tone and mood can get tricky fast. Students often hear both words and think, “Aren’t they basically the same thing?” And honestly, it makes sense. Both tone and mood deal with feelings. Both are connected to word choice. Both can shift throughout a text. But once students understand the difference, tone and mood become …
